El-Moselhy et al. (64) reported that curcumin (80 mg/kg/day) administration for 75 days, obtained from Curcuma longa, in comparison with rosiglitazone (1 mg/kg/day) in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats exhibits an anti-hyperglycemic effect and also improved insulin sensitivity, and this action is due to at least in part by curcumin's and rosiglitazone's anti-inflammatory activity. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.