CD8A and neoplasm: Recently, an increasing number of studies are indicating that tumour-infiltrating immune cells like dendritic cells and macrophages contribute to the antitumour effect of anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.32,33 In this study, we observed that patients with high stromal infiltration of PD-L1+ and CD8+ immune cells had a better OS than patients with low infiltration, although we could not confirm these results in our validation cohort.