This results in an upregulation of multiple chemokines and adhesion molecules.232 Innate immune sensing of gut-derived microbial products by different TLRs, including TLR4, TLR9, TLR5, and their downstream impacts on liver inflammation in the context of NAFLD/NASH have been recently reviewed elsewhere.180. Here, TLR4 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.