For example, microbiome-derived tryptophan metabolites modulate white adipose tissue inflammation in obesity, mediated through the miR-181 family of microRNAs.183 Recently, the innate immune sensor NLRP12 was shown to decrease high fat diet-induced obesity in mice by preserving SCFA-producing members of the Lachnospiraceae family.184 One of the most perilous common sequelae of cardiometabolic disease is atherosclerosis and its complications. Here, NLRP12 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.