Activation of these TLRs can contribute to the development of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with the most extensively studied pathway being LPS-TLR4 signaling.180 In addition to TLRs, the NLRP6 and NLRP3 inflammasomes may exert protective effects against NAFLD/NASH through modulation of the gut microbiota.181 Multiple interactions between the host’s immune system and the gut microbiota were reported to be involved in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.