Owing to the fact that once the percentage of hemocytes decreases as part of the physiology of the insect or as part of a virulence factor of the two species of Malassezia, the progression of infection retakes, agreeing with previous findings in which M. pachydermatis infection could only be established in Toll-deficient Drosophila melanogaster flies and immunosuppressed Swiss mice (Merkel et al., 2018; Schlemmer et al., 2018). Here, TLR4 is linked to infection.