Secondly, there is evidence that HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells induces upregulation of PVR expression and that the latent HIV reservoir is to some extent concentrated in CD4+ T cells expressing PVR and/or TIGIT (Cella et al., 2010; Tauriainen et al., 2017; Yin et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene PVR and HIV-1 infection.