CD4 and congestive heart failure: The percentage of CD4+ helper T-cells was unchanged in patients with CHF (41.04±2.35 in control versus 38.5±2.68 in CHF; p=0.2), yet the relative count of regulatory over helper T-cells was significantly increased in patients with CHF compared to healthy controls (Treg/CD4+ ratio=2.06±1.26 and 1.34±0.85 in CHF versus control, p=0.02).