Since anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis was described in 2007 (4), a series of antibodies against the neuronal surface antigens have been found, such as leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 protein (LGI1) antibody, contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2) antibody, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) antibody, γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABABR) antibody, glycine receptor (GlyR) antibody, and so on. The gene discussed is LGI1; the disease is viral encephalitis.