Interestingly, the phenotype of microglia we observed in HDLS is similar to that found in an SOD1 ALS mouse model and in multiple sclerosis patients, in which the molecules associated with the homeostatic microglial phenotype (e.g., P2RY12, CSF-1R) are down-regulated and inflammatory markers are up-regulated [24, 57]. This evidence concerns the gene P2RY12 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.