INS and chronic kidney disease: The strongest positive univariate associations between hyperglycaemia and patient characteristics were found for (Table 5): 1) having had an ED attendance for hyperglycaemia in 2014 (6.6% of subjects in the cohort experienced hyperglycaemia among those with vs. 0.4% among subjects without an ED attendance in 2014 for hyperglycaemia); 2) being treated with insulin (1.1% among those treated with insulin alone vs. 0.1% for non-insulin anti-DM not at risk for hypoglycaemia); 3) having chronic renal failure: 0.9% vs. 0.3% among subjects without CKD.