PPARG and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Moreover, a previous study suggested that α-MG exerts anti-obesity effects, ameliorates insulin resistance, and reduces TG and total cholesterol levels in high fat diet-induced obese mice by activating the hepatic AMPK, SirT1, and PPARγ expression, which has been found to increase the rates of fatty acid oxidation and repress lipogenesis [17].