TOMM40 and Alzheimer disease: In addition to the studies using individual-level data, several epigenetically AD-associated genes, such as BIN1, APOC1, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5, and TOMM40, have been reported by summary data-based analyses [24,25] which reflect genetically driven (i.e., through cis acting variants) epigenetic alterations [26].