Then, we determined whether shVGLUT or shVGAT prevented the augmentation of AMPAR function during chronic pain-induced anxiety by collecting AMPAR-dependent sEPSC recordings from brain slices from CFA model mice (Fig. 7e); we found that the CFA-induced amplitude increase of sEPSCs in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of the vmPFC was not suppressed by specific inhibition of glutamate or GABA release in nNOS-expressing neurons (Fig. 7f, g). Here, NOS1 is linked to Anxiety.