ARF1 and breast carcinoma: Regarding the targeting of ARF GEFs, it has been shown that SecinH3, an ARF GEF inhibitor that impairs both ARF1 and ARF6-dependent signaling, is effective in decreasing the growth of breast cancer xenografts and reducing lung metastasis (Zhao et al., 2016), while suppressing angiogenesis of melanoma and lung carcinoma tumors (Grossmann et al., 2014; Hongu et al., 2015).