The DOX-encapsulated and IND-conjugated liposomes (DOX/IND liposomes) induce ICD and increase phosphorylation of S6 kinase in the mTOR pathway, reversing the immunosuppressive activity of IDO; furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of DOX or IND were improved in the 4T1 tumor model, demonstrating the use of nanoliposomes to enhance the permeability and retention of drugs. Here, IDO1 is linked to neoplasm.