These statistical models demonstrated that the combination of a higher level of ammonia and a lower level of lactic acid concentration resulted in the highest AUC score (sensitivity, specificity, and AUC: a combination of ammonia and lactic acid; 62%, 76%, 0.69; ammonia alone; 50%, 80%, 0.65; lactic acid alone; 32%, 88%, 0.57, respectively) and showed similar or slightly lower AUC scores compared with traditional biomarkers of dementia, such as ApoE ε4 and VSRAD scores (sensitivity, specificity, and AUC: ApoE ε4; 78%, 60%, 0.69; VSRAD score; 86%, 63%, 0.80, respectively). Here, APOE is linked to dementia.