On this basis, they analyzed a second, independent cohort (validation cohort; 88 ccRCC and 59 normal renal tissues) and found that the expression of RNY3 and RNY4 is significantly increased in ccRCC samples; moreover, the expression levels of RNY4 alone is inversely correlated with the ccRCC stage and the presence of lymph node metastases (though, this last result needs further validation). The gene discussed is RNY4; the disease is nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.