In multivariate analyses, low LF/HF <1.735 (OR(95%CI) = 3.377 (2.047–5.572)) was strongly associated with AF, ahead of age (OR(95%CI) = 1.04(1.01–1.06)), mean sinus-rhythm rate (OR(95%CI) = 1.03(1.02–1.05)) and log NT-proBNP (OR(95%CI) = 1.38(1.01–1.90). This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.