TNF and infection: With an average local clustering coefficient of 1, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) enrichment p-value < 2.25 × 10−11, our interactome analysis of MDR-PA strain -modulated IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, GM-CSF, MMP-9, TNF-α, and IFN-γ demonstrates that the network formed by these molecules exhibits significantly higher interactions (n = 72) between each other (n = 9), thus indicating the cytokines are at least partly biologically connected as a group, and are involved in the immune response and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway during infection.