In agreement with this finding, siTIR strongly suppressed the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) induced by Ras overexpression (Figure 6H, right panel), implying that TIR domain-containing proteins play a critical role in Ras-triggered inflammatory responses in macrophages and even in cancer cells. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and cancer.