PPARA and cancer: Eight common KEGG pathways were associated with all three TCM formulae (Figure 4) as follows: four signaling pathways (hsa03320: PPAR signaling pathway, hsa04370: VEGF signaling pathway, hsa04066: HIF-1 signaling pathway, and hsa04012: ErbB signaling pathway), two steroid-related pathways (hsa00140: steroid hormone biosynthesis and hsa04913: ovarian steroidogenesis), and two cancer pathways (hsa05219: bladder cancer and hsa05221: acute myeloid leukemia).