Alveolar (fusion-positive) rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS), an aggressive skeletal muscle cancer of childhood, often possesses chromosomal translocations, involving commonly PAX3 and FOXO1 genes, rarely PAX7-FOXO1, and in exceptional cases PAX3-INO80D and PAX3-NCOA1 fusions (Shern et al., 2014). The gene discussed is PAX3; the disease is rhabdomyosarcoma.