ACE2 and myocardial infarction: For most patients with heart failure and during the acute phase of myocardial infarction, treatment with RAS inhibitors showed an increase in cardiac or circulating ACE2, which was explained by the severity of heart disease rather than RAS inhibitor treatment (Zisman et al. 2003; Goulter et al. 2004; Epelman et al. 2009).