As shown in Fig. 2A,B ((Kaplan-Meier curves for cumulative incidence of A) all-cause dementia and B) Alzheimer disease incidence stratified according to quartiles of MR-PENK A; Q1 < 49.9 pmol/l; Q2 49.9–60.6 pmol/l; Q3 60.7–73.2 pmol/l; Q4 > 73.2 pmol/l)) and Fig. 3A,B (Kaplan-Meier curves for cumulative incidence of A) all-cause dementia and B) Alzheimer disease incidence stratified according to quartiles of NT-PTA; Q1 < 66 pmol/l; Q2 66–79.2 pmol/l; Q3 79.2–94.8 pmol/l; Q4 > 94.8 pmol/l), quartiles of MR-PENK A and NT-PTA were not predictive of all-cause dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. This evidence concerns the gene PENK and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.