AGER and Parkinson disease: Bianchi et al. (2010) revealed that direct inhibition of NF-κB resulted in negation of S100B/RAGE-induced upregulation of COX-2 expression. Selective inhibition of NF-κB by the use of NF-κB essential modifier-binding domain peptides was shown to prevent dopaminergic neuronal loss in a mouse model of PD, by preventing the expression of proinflammatory molecules (Ghosh et al., 2007).