In view of our considerable findings presented herein, it is tempting to assume that augmented transcriptional and translational expressions of IL-34 in the systemic and local joint environments of knee OA patients, particularly those with synovitis may result from compensation mechanisms by the body in response to an imbalance between the anabolic and catabolic processes in the joint contributing to synovial inflammation and subsequent cartilage destruction. Here, IL34 is linked to synovitis.