This compound rhein has the potential to modulate various key regulatory pathways like NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPKs, etc., which are important for the regulation of several chronic diseases like arthritis, renal dysfunction, neuronal dysfunction, etc. There are many more unidentified cellular molecules that interact with rhein, which are involved in inducing cytotoxicity in the cancer cells. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is cancer.