IFNG and infection: Though these results might appear to be in contradiction to findings that lipid droplets form within macrophages following infection as part of a host defense mechanism driven by IFN-gamma and HIF-1alpha dependent signaling [53], it is possible that diverse mechanisms might result in diverse lipid accumulations or lipid droplets within host cells and that some lipid accumulations might be used as nutrition sources and others as immune-active scaffolds.