Chloroquine was first used in the 1940s to treat malaria and has also being successfully used against autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus where the drug’s immunosuppressive effects against proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 are beneficial. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.