IFNA1 and infection: Compared to rotavirus, a prototypic enteric pathogen that is known to trigger interferon (IFN) signaling (23), wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection induced a comparably robust type I IFN (IFN-β) and type III IFN (IFN-λ) expression in human IECs, from both apical and basolateral infections (Fig. S2B).