However, even if the differences in H19 expression observed between populations are a result of age, the idea that H19 may represent a biological “rheostat” regulating the aging reproductive endocrine system beyond fertility is an intriguing one, especially given that ovarian aging has implications beyond fertility, including the serious health consequences of menopause such as vasomotor symptoms, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. The gene discussed is H19; the disease is osteoporosis.