Based on the literature review, the aim of the study was to select the SNPs in the genes encoding MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, MMP16, and MMP20, which had been previously associated with dental caries in other populations [19–22, 26–29], and to determine the genotypes of these SNPs in Czech children with primary/permanent dentitions. This evidence concerns the gene MMP16 and dental caries.