The higher toxicity of Cur/ALG-GANPs nanoparticles against HepG2 might be attributed to the galactose group of gum arabic which is apparently selective to identify asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on the surface of human hepatocytes [41].Various glycoproteins have been involved in cancer and antiviral immunity and can function as adhesives in inflammatory responses with immunological properties. This evidence concerns the gene ASGR1 and cancer.