TLR4 and infection: Recently, targeting TLR4 activity and expression in drug design and development for the prevention and treatment of diseases has attracted growing interest because of the clear understanding of TLR4 signaling in initiating chronic and low-grade inflammatory and autoimmune responses, which include obesity, infection, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases [12,13,14,15,16,22,23].