For instance, JapA inhibits breast cancer growth via a dual-targeting mechanism and involves several different effects: (1) The direct binding of JapA to the p53-binding domain of the MDM2 protein and promotion of MDM2 auto-ubiquitination and degradation, independent of p53 [82]; (2) inhibition of NFAT1-mediated MDM2 transcription by suppressing NFAT1 binding to the P2 promoter of MDM2 [83]; and (3) via the induction of NFAT1 ubiquitination and degradation [83]. Here, MDM2 is linked to breast carcinoma.