Etanercept (TNF decoy receptor) and infliximab (chimeric anti-TNF antibody) are two examples of the most common TNF blockers approved for clinical use as a second line for the treatment of steroid-refractory GvHD and autoimmune diseases either alone or in combination with methotrexate; however, some patients do not respond, and disease can be exacerbated upon TNF blockade. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and autoimmune disease.