ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Considering that the concentration of adiponectin and leptin in the blood is affected by the level of obesity [10,23], and the lower relative adiposity seen in Korean compared with Western populations, research revealing the prospective association of adiponectin and leptin to MetS risk in a Korean population, observed over an extended follow-up period, is needed with a relatively lower adiposity than Westerners, considering the effect of obesity.