In fact, perturbed dendritic complexity of Layer II/III CPN is observed in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, including ASD (Egaas et al., 1995; Piven et al., 1997; Mukaetova-Ladinska et al., 2004; Herbert and Kenet, 2007; Frazier and Hardan, 2009; Hardan et al., 2009; Srivastava et al., 2012), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Hynd et al., 1991; Roessner et al., 2004; Seidman et al., 2005), and schizophrenia (Swayze et al., 1990; Tibbo et al., 1998; Innocenti et al., 2003; Wolf et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene CPN1 and neurodevelopmental disorder.