NF1 and plexiform neurofibroma: The clinical diagnosis of NF1 is based on the presence of six or more CALMs > 5 mm in prepubertal and > 15 mm in postpuberal individuals, two or more neurofibromas of any type or one plexiform neurofibroma, freckling in the axillary or inguinal regions, optic glioma, two or more Lisch nodules, distinctive osseous lesion (such as sphenoid dysplasia or tibial pseudarthrosis), a first-degree relative harboring NF1 gene mutation [5].