The average age, BMI, WHR, 2hPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, plasma visfatin level, and the proportion of family history with colon cancer were significantly higher in the multiple-polyps group than in the single-polyp group (P = 0.025 for age; P = 0.038 for BMI; P = 0.022 for WHR; P < 0.001 for 2hPG; P = 0.034 for FINS; P = 0.044 for HOMA-IR; P = 0.042 for visfatin; P = 0.012 for family history with colon cancer, respectively), and the level of plasma adiponectin was significantly lower than that in the single-polyp group [(4.3 ± 2.6 vs 6.7 ± 3.9) mg/L, P = 0.031). Here, ADIPOQ is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.