According to Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (COSMIC), among these mutations the most frequently observed in melanoma are mutations affecting the BRAF (44%), NRAS (17%), TERT (25%), CDKN2A (18%), KIT (8%), GRIN2A (20%), TP53 (15%), PTPRT (20%), LRP1B (26%), NF1 (17%), and PTEN (10%) genes [28]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.