Table 2 details current clinical trials (2015 onward) with the focus on targeting EMP in cancer patients, as an update from our previous review (Bhatia et al., 2017). New combinatorial approaches combining EMT inhibitors alongside targeting immunotherapy blockade are also being developed, as EMT is reported to induce PDL1 expression in carcinoma cells (Chen et al., 2014; Noman et al., 2017), and an EMT signature was seen in tumors that responded to anti PD1/PD-L1- and CTLA4-associated treatments (Lou et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cancer.