SOD1 and lung carcinoma: Furthermore, the SOD1 inhibitor, ATN-224, has been tested in phase 1 clinical trials in patients with solid tumors (Lowndes et al., 2008) and in phase 2 clinical trials for prostate cancer (Lin et al., 2013), however, there have been few reports on the clinical significance of SOD1 functions in lung cancer, particularly the mechanism underlying the role of SOD1 in progression and carcinogenesis.