Single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (5 mg/kg) in C57BL/6 (B6) mice induced microglial activation, upregulation of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1p10, and IL-1β in the hippocampus, leading to behavioral alterations (depression like behavior and memory deficits) for 29 days after LPS injection, which were inhibited by a NLRP3 inhibitor (152). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and major depressive disorder.