IL-8 is a highly expressed chemokine in ovarian cancers and ascites associated with poor prognosis.24 Notably, IL-8 is reported to regulate breast CSC.25 To examine the effects of IL-8 on PDK4-mediated stemness, the ALDH−CD44− subset overexpressing PDK4 was treated with an anti-CXCR1 (an IL-8 receptor) neutralising antibody or recombinant human IL-8 for 48 h. Here, PDK4 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.