In comparison to individuals without DSP as evaluated by the monofilament, those with DSP were taller (161 vs. 165 cm, respectively; p = 0.008); presented longer diabetes duration (8 vs. 13 years, respectively; p = 0.0008); higher HbA1c values (54 vs. 65 mmol∙L−1, respectively; p = 0.02); and higher frequency of DSP evaluated by the sum of NSS and NDS (2% vs. 33%, respectively; p < 0.0001), of amputations (0% vs. 11.4%, respectively; p < 0.0001), of NPH (23% vs. 41%, respectively; p = 0.0006) and of regular (6% vs. 19%, respectively; p = 0.0001) insulins use (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.