As active TGF-β1 plays a major role in X-irradiation-induced myocardial fibrosis, we next investigated serum TGF-β1 amount by ELISA, and as shown in Figure 1(e), TGF-β1 amount was significantly increased in the X-ray radiation group compared with that of the control group (6841.944 ± 283.360 pg/mL vs. 4504.815 ± 103.948 pg/mL, P < 0.01). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Myocardial fibrosis.