In familial cases of ALS, mutations in several genes have been implicated including SOD1, C9ORF72, ATXN2, OPTN, VCP, VAPB, DCTN1, Fig. 4, UBQLN2, SQSTM1 and TARDBP encoding TAR DNA Binding protein 43 (TDP43) [8]. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.