Furthermore, in an antiviral Th1 response model induced by the Vaccinia virus in vivo, the CFSE-labeled WT and mTOR-deficient CD4+ T cells were adoptively transferred into host mice and immunized and showed that donor mTOR-deficient T cells could proliferate in response to viral infection, while they also failed to produce IFN-γ upon challenged with a high dose of antigen and APCs in vitro [5]. Here, MTOR is linked to viral infectious disease.