A phase I open-label, dose escalation trial including 13 patients with recurrent or metastatic SCCHN reported that patient NK cells become more responsive to stimulation by NKG2D or FcγRIII after VTX-2337 treatment, suggesting that TLR8 stimulation and inflammasome activation by VTX-2337 potentially complements FcγRIII engagement and augments clinical responses in SCCHN patients treated with cetuximab [88]. Here, TLR8 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.