DAG1 and Atrophy: Free radical scavengers modulate the phosphorylation/activity of some component of the MAPK cascades and beta-dystroglycan and decrease proinflammatory protein NF-κB activator in the diaphragm of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice, implicating the role of oxidative stress in diaphragmatic atrophy via the interaction between MAPK cascade and beta-dystroglycan and NF-κB-mediated inflammation process [88].